Beauty Icon Of The Month: SHARON TATE
Sharon Marie Tate (January 24, 1943 – August 9, 1969) was an American actress. During the 1960s she played small
television roles before appearing in several films. After receiving positive reviews for her
comedic performances, she was hailed as one of
Hollywood's promising newcomers and was nominated for a
Golden Globe Award for her performance in
Valley of the Dolls (1967). She also appeared regularly in fashion
magazines as a model and
cover girl.
Married to
film director Roman Polanski in 1968, Tate was eight and a half months pregnant when she and her unborn child were murdered in her home, along with four others, by followers of
Charles Manson.A decade after the murders, Tate's mother,
Doris, in response to the growing
cult status of the killers and the possibility that any of them might be granted
parole, organized a public campaign against what she considered shortcomings in the state's corrections system. It resulted in amendments to the
California criminal law in 1982, which allowed crime victims and their families to make
victim impact statements during sentencing and at parole hearings.
Doris Tate was the first person to make such an impact statement under the new law, when she spoke at the parole hearing of one of her daughter's killers,
Charles "Tex" Watson. She believed changes in the law had afforded her daughter dignity that had been denied her before, and that she had been able to "help transform Sharon's legacy from murder victim to a symbol of victims' rights".
Life and career
Childhood and early acting career
Sharon Tate was born in
Dallas, Texas, the first of three daughters, to Paul Tate, a
United States Army officer, and his wife, Doris. At six months of age, Sharon Tate won the "Miss Tiny Tot of Dallas Pageant", but the Tates held no show business ambitions for their daughter. Paul Tate was promoted and transferred several times. By age 16, Sharon Tate had lived in six different American cities, and she found it difficult to maintain friendships. Her family described her as shy and lacking in self-confidence, and as an adult Sharon Tate commented that people often misinterpreted her shyness for aloofness until they knew her better.
As she matured, people commented on her beauty; she began entering
beauty pageants, winning the title of "Miss
Richland" in 1959. She spoke of her ambition to study
psychiatry, and also stated her intention to compete in the "
Miss Washington" pageant in 1960, but before she could follow either course of action, Paul Tate was transferred to Italy, taking his family with him.
On arriving in
Verona, Sharon Tate learned that she had become a local celebrity owing to the publication of a photograph of her in a bathing suit on the cover of the military newspaper
Stars and Stripes. She discovered a kinship with other students at the American school she attended in nearby
Vicenza, recognizing that their backgrounds and feelings of separation were similar to her own, and for the first time in her life began to form lasting friendships. Tate and her friends became interested in the filming of
Adventures of a Young Man, which was being made nearby with
Paul Newman,
Susan Strasberg and
Richard Beymer, and obtained parts as
film extras. Beymer noticed Tate in the crowd and introduced himself, and the two dated during the production of the film, with Beymer encouraging Tate to pursue a film career. In 1961, Tate was employed by the singer
Pat Boone, and appeared with him in a
television special he made in
Venice.
The Tate family returned to the United States in 1962, and Sharon Tate moved to
Los Angeles, where she contacted
Richard Beymer's agent,
Harold Gefsky. After their first meeting Gefsky agreed to represent her, and secured work for her in television and magazine advertisements. In 1963 he introduced her to
Martin Ransohoff, director of
Filmways, Inc., who signed her to a seven-year contract. Tate was considered for a lead role on
Petticoat Junction, but Ransohoff realized that she was too inexperienced to handle an important role. He gave her small parts in
Mr. Ed and
The Beverly Hillbillies to help her gain experience. Ransohoff signed Tate to an exclusive seven year contract but kept her under wraps until he felt she was ready to appear in substantial film roles. "Mr. Ransohoff didn't want the audience to see me till I was ready," Tate was quoted in a 1967 article in
Playboy magazine.
Later that year, when
Barabbas was being filmed near Verona, Tate was once again hired as an extra. Actor
Jack Palance was impressed by her appearance and her attitude, although her role was too small to judge her talent. He arranged a
screen test for her in
Rome, but this did not lead to further work. Tate returned to the United States alone, saying she wanted to further her studies, but tried to find film work. After a few months, Doris Tate, who feared for her daughter's safety, suffered a
nervous breakdown and, after much coercion from her family, Tate returned to Italy.
During this time Tate met the French actor
Philippe Forquet, and began a relationship with him. They became engaged, but the relationship was volatile and they frequently quarreled. After a violent confrontation with Forquet, Tate required hospital treatment for her injuries, and subsequently ended the relationship.
In 1964, she met
Jay Sebring, a former sailor who had established himself as a leading hair stylist in
Hollywood. Tate later said that Sebring's nature was especially gentle, but when he proposed marriage she would not accept. She said that she would retire from acting as soon as she married, and at that time she intended to focus on her career.
Film career
In 1964, Tate made a screen test for
Sam Peckinpah opposite
Steve McQueen for the film
The Cincinnati Kid. Ransohoff and Peckinpah agreed that Tate's timidity and lack of experience would cause her to flounder in such a large part, and she was rejected in favor of
Tuesday Weld.
She continued to gain experience with minor television appearances, and after she
auditioned unsuccessfully for the role of Liesl in the film version of
The Sound of Music, Ransohoff gave Tate walk-on roles in two motion pictures in which he was producer:
The Americanization of Emily and
The Sandpiper. In late 1965, Ransohoff finally gave Tate her first major role in a motion picture in the film,
Eye of the Devil, co-starring
David Niven,
Deborah Kerr,
Donald Pleasence, and
David Hemmings.
Tate and Sebring traveled to
London to prepare for filming, where she met the
Alexandrian Wiccan High Priest and High Priestess
Alex and
Maxine Sanders, the former of whom duly initiated her into
Wicca. Meanwhile, as part of Ransohoff's promotion of Tate, he arranged the production of a short
documentary called
All Eyes on Sharon Tate, to be released at the same time as
Eye of the Devil. It included an interview with
Eye of the Devil director
J. Lee Thompson, who expressed his initial doubts about Tate's potential with the comment "We even agreed that if after the first two weeks Sharon was not quite making it, we would put her back in cold storage", but added he soon realized Tate was "tremendously exciting".
Tate played Odile, a witch who exerts a mysterious power over a landowner, played by Niven, and his wife, played by Kerr. Although she did not have as many lines as the other actors, Tate's performance was considered crucial to the film, and she was required, more than the other cast members, to set an ethereal tone. Niven described her as a "great discovery", and Kerr said that with "a reasonable amount of luck", Tate would be a great success. In interviews, Tate commented on her good fortune in working with such professionals in her first film, and said that she had learned a lot about acting simply by watching Kerr at work. Much of the filming took place in France, and Sebring returned to Los Angeles to fulfill his business obligations. After filming Tate remained in London where she immersed herself in the fashion world and nightclubs. Around this time she met
Roman Polanski.
The company traveled to Italy for filming where Tate's fluent Italian proved useful in communicating with the local crew members. A perfectionist, Polanski had little patience with the inexperienced Tate, and said in an interview that one scene had required seventy takes before he was satisfied. In addition to directing, Polanski also played one of the main characters, a guileless young man who is intrigued by Tate's character and begins a romance with her.Tate and Polanski later agreed that neither of them had been impressed by the other when they first met. Polanski was planning
The Fearless Vampire Killers, which was being co-produced by Ransohoff, and had decided that he wanted the red-headed actress
Jill St. John for the female lead. Ransohoff insisted that Polanski cast Tate, and after meeting with her, he agreed that she would be suitable on the condition that she wore a red wig during filming.
As filming progressed, Polanski praised her performances and her confidence grew. They began a relationship, and Tate moved into Polanski's London apartment after filming ended. Jay Sebring traveled to London where he insisted on meeting Polanski. Although friends later said he was devastated, he befriended Polanski and remained Tate's closest confidante. Polanski later commented that Sebring was a lonely and isolated person, who viewed Tate and himself as his family.
Tate returned to the United States to film
Don't Make Waves with
Tony Curtis, leaving Polanski in London. Tate played the part of Malibu, and was allegedly the inspiration for the popular "Malibu Barbie" doll. The film was intended to capitalize on the popularity of beach movies and the music of such artists as
the Beach Boys and
Jan and Dean. Tate's character, billed by
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer publicity as "Malibu, Queen of the Surf", wore little more than a bikini for most of the film. Disappointed with the film, she began referring to herself sarcastically as "sexy little me". Before the film's release, a major publicity campaign resulted in photographs and life-sized cardboard figures of Sharon Tate being displayed in cinema foyers throughout the United States; a concurrent advertising campaign by
Coppertone featured Tate. The film opened to poor reviews and mediocre ticket sales and Tate was quoted as confiding to a reporter, "It's a terrible movie", before adding, "Sometimes I say things I shouldn't. I guess I'm too outspoken."
Polanski returned to the United States, and was contracted by the head of
Paramount Pictures,
Robert Evans, to direct and write the screenplay for
Rosemary's Baby, which was based on
Ira Levin's novel of the
same name.
Polanski later admitted that he had wanted Tate to star in the film and had hoped that someone would suggest her, as he felt it inappropriate to make the suggestion himself. The producers did not suggest Tate, and
Mia Farrow was cast. Tate reportedly provided ideas for some of the key scenes, including the scene in which the protagonist, Rosemary, is impregnated.
She also appeared uncredited as a guest in a party scene. A frequent visitor to the set, she was photographed there by
Esquire magazine and the resulting photographs generated considerable publicity for both Tate and the film.
A March 1967 article about Tate in
Playboy magazine began, "This is the year that Sharon Tate happens..." and included six nude or partially nude photographs taken by Roman Polanski during filming of
The Fearless Vampire Killers. Tate was optimistic:
Eye of the Devil and
The Fearless Vampire Killers were each due for release, and she had been signed to play a major role in the film version of
Valley of the Dolls. One of the all-time bestsellers, the film version was highly publicized and anticipated, and while Tate acknowledged that such a prominent role should further her career, she confided to Polanski that she did not like either the book or the script.
Patty Duke,
Barbara Parkins and
Judy Garland were cast as the other leads.
Susan Hayward replaced Garland a few weeks later when Garland was dismissed. Director
Mark Robsonwas highly critical of the three principal actresses but, according to Duke, directed most of his criticism at Tate. Duke later said Robson "continually treated [Tate] like an imbecile, which she definitely was not, and she was very attuned and sensitive to this treatment."Polanski later quoted Robson as saying to him, "That's a great girl you're living with. Few actresses have her kind of vulnerability. She's got a great future."
In interviews during production, Tate expressed an affinity for her character, Jennifer North, an aspiring actress admired only for her body. Some magazines commented that Tate was viewed similarly and
Look magazine published an unfavorable article about the three lead actresses, describing Tate as "a hopelessly stupid and vain starlet". Tate, Duke and Parkins developed a close friendship which continued after the completion of the film. During the shooting of
Valley of the Dolls, Tate confided to Parkins that she was "madly in love" with Polanski. "Yes, there's no doubt that Roman is the man in my life," Tate was quoted as saying in the New York
Sunday News.
Tate promoted the film enthusiastically. She frequently commented on her admiration for
Lee Grant, with whom she had played several dramatic scenes. Tate was quoted as saying, "I learned a great deal about acting in [Valley of the Dolls], particularly in my scenes with Lee Grant...She knows what acting is all about and everything she does, from little mannerisms to delivering her lines, is pure professionalism."
A journalist asked Tate to comment on her nude scene, and she replied,
| “ | I have no qualms about it at all. I don't see any difference between being stark naked or fully dressed—if it's part of the job and it's done with meaning and intention. I honestly don't understand the big fuss made over nudity and sex in films. It's silly. On TV, the children can watch people murdering each other, which is a very unnatural thing, but they can't watch two people in the very natural process of making love. Now, really, that doesn't make any sense, does it? | ” |
An edited version of
The Fearless Vampire Killers was released, and Polanski expressed disgust at Ransohoff for "butchering" his film.
Newsweek called it "a witless travesty", and it was not profitable. Tate's performance was largely ignored in reviews, and when she was mentioned, it was usually in relation to her nude scenes.
Eye of the Devil was released shortly after, and
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer attempted to build interest in Tate with its press release describing her as "one of the screen's most exciting new personalities". The film failed to find an audience, and most reviews were indifferent, neither praising nor condemning it. The
New York Times wrote that one of the few highlights was Tate's "chillingly beautiful but expressionless performance".
The
All Eyes on Sharon Tate documentary was used to publicize the film. Its fourteen minutes consisted of a number of scenes depicting Tate filming
Eye of the Devil, dancing in nightclubs and sightseeing around London, and also contained a brief interview with her. Asked about her acting ambitions she replied, "I don't fool myself. I can't see myself doing
Shakespeare." She spoke of her hopes of finding a niche in comedy, and in other interviews she expressed her desire to become "a light comedienne in the
Carole Lombard style".
She discussed the type of contemporary actress she wanted to emulate and explained that there were two in particular that she was influenced by:
Faye Dunaway and
Catherine Deneuve. Of the latter, she said, "I'd like to be an American Catherine Deneuve. She plays beautiful, sensitive, deep parts with a little bit of intelligence behind them."
Later in the year,
Valley of the Dolls opened to almost uniformly negative reviews.
Bosley Crowther wrote in
The New York Times, "all a fairly respectful admirer of movies can do is laugh at it and turn away".
Newsweek said that the film "has no more sense of its own ludicrousness than a village idiot stumbling in manure", but a later article read: "Astoundingly photogenic, infinitely curvaceous, Sharon Tate is one of the most smashing young things to hit Hollywood in a long time."
The three lead actresses were castigated in numerous publications, including
The Saturday Review, which wrote, "Ten years ago... Parkins, Duke and Tate would more likely have been playing the hat check girls than movie-queens; they are totally lacking in style, authority or charm."
The Hollywood Reporter provided some positive comments, such as, "Sharon Tate emerges as the film's most sympathetic character...
William H. Daniels' photographic caress of her faultless face and enormous absorbent eyes is stunning."
Roger Ebert of the
Chicago Sun-Times praised Tate as "a wonder to behold", but after describing the dialogue in one scene as "the most offensive and appalling vulgarity ever thrown up by any civilization", concluded that, "I will be unable to take her any more seriously as a
sex symbol than
Raquel Welch."
Marriage to Roman Polanski
In late 1967, Tate and Polanski returned to London, and were frequent subjects of newspaper and magazine articles. Tate was depicted as being untraditional and modern, and was quoted as saying that couples should live together before marrying. They were married in
Chelsea, London on January 20, 1968 with considerable publicity. Polanski was dressed in what the press described as "Edwardian finery," while Tate was attired in a white minidress.
The couple moved into Polanski's mews house off Eaton Square in Belgravia
]Photographer Peter Evans later described them as "the imperfect couple. They were the
Douglas Fairbanks/
Mary Pickford of our time... Cool, nomadic, talented and nicely shocking."
While Tate reportedly wanted a traditional marriage, Polanski remained somewhat promiscuous and described Tate's attitude to his infidelity as "Sharon's big hang-up". He reminded Tate that she had promised that she would not try to change him. Tate accepted Polanski's conditions, though she confided to friends that she hoped he would change. Peter Evans quoted Tate as saying, "We have a good arrangement. Roman lies to me and I pretend to believe him."
Polanski urged Tate to end her association with Martin Ransohoff, and Tate began to place less importance on her career, until Polanski told her that he wanted to be married to "a
hippie, not a housewife". The couple returned to Los Angeles and quickly became part of a social group that included some of the most successful young people in the film industry, including
Steve McQueen,
Warren Beatty,
Mia Farrow,
Peter Sellers,
Jacqueline Bisset,
Leslie Caron,
Joan Collins,
Joanna Pettet,
Laurence Harvey,
Peter Fonda and
Jane Fonda, older film stars like
Henry Fonda,
Kirk Douglas,
Yul Brynner and
Danny Kaye, musicians such as
Jim Morrison and
the Mamas & the Papas, and record producer
Terry Melcher and his girlfriend
Candice Bergen. Jay Sebring remained one of the couple's most frequent companions. Polanski's circle of friends included people he had known since his youth in
Polandsuch as
Wojciech Frykowski and Frykowski's girlfriend, coffee heiress
Abigail Folger. The couple moved into the
Chateau Marmont Hotel in
West Hollywood for a few months until they arranged to lease
Patty Duke's home on Summit Ridge Drive in Beverly Hills during the latter part of 1968. The Polanski house was often full of strangers, and Tate regarded the casual atmosphere as part of the "free spirit" of the times, saying that she did not mind who came into her home as her motto was "live and let live". Her close friend
Leslie Caron later commented that the Polanskis were too trusting — "to the point of recklessness" — and that she had been alarmed by it.
In the summer of 1968, Tate began her next film,
The Wrecking Crew (1969), a comedy in which she played Freya Carlson, an accident-prone spy, who was also a romantic interest for star
Dean Martin, playing
Matt Helm. She performed her own stunts and was taught martial arts by
Bruce Lee. The film was successful and brought Tate strong reviews, with many reviewers praising her comedic performance. The
New York Times critic
Vincent Canby criticized the film but wrote, "The only nice thing is Sharon Tate, a tall, really great-looking girl". Martin commented that he intended to make another "Matt Helm" film, and that he wanted Tate to reprise her role.
Around this time Tate was feted as a promising newcomer. She was nominated for a
Golden Globe Award as "New Star of the Year – Actress" for her
Valley of the Dolls performance.
She placed fourth behind
Mia Farrow,
Judy Geeson and
Katharine Houghton for a "Golden Laurel" award as the year's "Most Promising Newcomer" with the results published in the
Motion Picture Exhibitor magazine. She was also runner-up to
Lynn Redgrave in the
Motion Picture Herald's poll for "The Star of Tomorrow", in which box-office drawing power was the main criterion for inclusion on the list. These results indicated that her career was beginning to accelerate and for her next film, Tate negotiated a fee of $150,000.
Tate became pregnant near the end of 1968, and on February 15, 1969 she and Polanski moved to
10050 Cielo Drive in
Benedict Canyon. The house had previously been occupied by their friends,
Terry Melcher and
Candice Bergen. Tate and Polanski had visited it several times, and Tate was thrilled to learn it was available, referring to it as her "love house". At their new home, the Polanskis continued to be popular hosts for their large group of friends, although some of their friends still worried about the strange types who continued to show up at their parties. Encouraged by positive reviews of her comedic performances, Tate chose the comedy
The Thirteen Chairs as her next project, as she later explained, largely for the opportunity to co-star with
Orson Welles. In March 1969, she traveled to Italy to begin filming, while Polanski went to London to work on
The Day of the Dolphin. Frykowski and Folger moved into the Cielo Drive house.
After completing
The Thirteen Chairs, Tate joined Polanski in London. She posed in their apartment for photographer
Terry O'Neill in casual domestic scenes such as opening baby gifts, and also completed a series of glamour photographs for the British magazine
Queen. A journalist asked Tate in a late July interview if she believed in fate, to which she replied, "Certainly. My whole life has been decided by fate. I think something more powerful than we are decides our fates for us. I know one thing — I've never planned anything that ever happened to me."
She returned from London to Los Angeles, on July 20, 1969, traveling alone on the
QE2. Polanski was due to return on August 12 in time for the birth, and he asked Frykowski and Folger to stay in the house with Tate until then.
Death and aftermath
Murder
On August 8, 1969, Tate was two weeks from giving birth. She entertained two friends, actresses
Joanna Pettet and
Barbara Lewis, for lunch at her home, confiding in them her disappointment at Polanski's delay in returning from London. In the afternoon Polanski telephoned her. Her younger sister Debra also called to ask if she and their sister Patti could spend the night with her, but Sharon declined. In the evening she went to her favorite restaurant, El Coyote, with Sebring, Frykowski and Folger, returning about 10:30 p.m.
During the night, they were murdered by members of
Charles Manson's "family" and their bodies discovered the following morning by Tate's housekeeper, Winifred Chapman. Police arrived at the scene to find the body of a young man, later identified as
Steven Parent, shot to death in his car, which was in the driveway. Inside the house, the bodies of Tate and Sebring were found in the living room; a long rope tied around each of their necks connected them. On the front lawn lay the bodies of Frykowski and Folger. All of the victims, except Parent, had been stabbed numerous times. The
coroner's report for Tate noted that she had been stabbed sixteen times, and that "five of the wounds were in and of themselves fatal".
Police took the only survivor at the address, the caretaker
William Garretson, for questioning. Garretson lived in the guest house which was located on the property, but a short distance from the house, and not immediately visible. As the first suspect, he was questioned and submitted to a
polygraph test. He said that Parent had visited him at approximately 11:30 p.m. and left after a few minutes. Garretson said he had no involvement in the murders and did not know anything that could help the investigation. Police accepted his explanation and he was allowed to leave.
Polanski was informed of the murders and returned to Los Angeles where police, unable to determine a motive, questioned him about his wife and friends. On Wednesday, August 13, Tate was
interred in the
Holy Cross Cemetery,
Culver City, California, with her son, Paul Richard Polanski (named posthumously for Polanski's and Tate's fathers), in her arms. Sebring's funeral took place later the same day; the funerals were scheduled several hours apart to allow mutual friends to attend both.
Life magazine devoted a lengthy article to the murders and featured photographs of the crime scenes. Polanski was interviewed for the article and allowed himself to be photographed in the living room where Tate and Sebring had died, Tate's dried blood clearly visible on the floor in front of him. Widely criticized for his actions, he argued that he wanted to know who was responsible and was willing to shock the magazine's readers in the hope that someone would come forward with information.
Curiosity about the victims led to the re-release of Tate's films, achieving greater popularity than they had in their initial runs. Some newspapers began to speculate on the motives for the murders. Some of the published photographs of Tate were allegedly taken at a Satanic ritual, but were later proven to have been production photographs from
Eye of the Devil. Friends spoke out against the portrayal of Tate by some elements of the media.
Mia Farrow said she was as "sweet and pure a human being as I have ever known", while
Patty Duke remembered her as "a gentle, gentle creature. I was crazy about her, and I don't know anyone who wasn't". Polanski berated a crowd of journalists at a
press conference, saying that many times they had written that Tate "was beautiful. Maybe the most beautiful woman in the world. But did you ever write how good she was?" Peter Evans later quoted the actor
Laurence Harvey, who commented on Polanski immediately after the murders, "This could destroy Roman. Marriage vows mean nothing to him but few men have adored a woman as much as he adored Sharon."
Polanski later admitted that in the months following the murders he suspected various friends and associates, and his paranoia subsided only when the killers were arrested. Newspapers claimed that many Hollywood stars were moving out of the city, while others were reported to have installed security systems in their homes. Writer
Dominick Dunne later recalled the tension:
| “ | The shock waves that went through the town were beyond anything I had ever seen before. People were convinced that the rich and famous of the community were in peril. Children were sent out of town. Guards were hired. Steve McQueen packed a gun when he went to Jay Sebring's funeral. | ” |
Arrest and trial of the Manson Family
Jay Sebring, pictured here with Tate in 1966, was killed when he attempted to defend her against the attackers.
In November 1969, while in prison in connection with a car theft,
Susan Atkins boasted to an inmate that she was responsible for the murder of Sharon Tate. This led to her indictment, along with the accomplices she named,
Charles Manson,
Charles "Tex" Watson,
Patricia Krenwinkeland
Linda Kasabian. Atkins also revealed that the murders of
Leno and
Rosemary LaBianca in
Los Feliz, Los Angeles, the night after the Tate murders, were also committed by "Family" members, and incriminated
Leslie Van Houten as a participant in the second murder.
The
Los Angeles County District Attorney offered Susan Atkins a deal that guaranteed they would not seek the
death penalty against her for any of the current charges in exchange for her
grand jury and trial testimony. Atkins testified before the grand jury that she had been unable to stab Sharon Tate and that she was killed by Watson, a contradiction of statements she had made prior to her arrest. Atkins refused to cooperate further, forcing the District Attorney's office to withdraw its offer. An offer of immunity against prosecution was made to Kasabian in exchange for her agreement to provide complete testimony at any trial, against any of the defendants
] Assistant District Attorney
Vincent Bugliosi wrote later that he believed Kasabian would be more acceptable to the jurors because she had not killed anyone. In his book
Will You Die For Me, Charles Watson later confessed to the murder saying Atkins didn't even touch her.
On June 15, 1970, Manson, Atkins, Krenwinkel, and Van Houten were tried while Watson remained in
Texas fighting extradition. The details of the trial were reported throughout the world. Kasabian was a reliable and consistent witness. She testified about a
hippie group and its leader
Charles Manson, a thwarted musician who believed that a race war was imminent. He believed that the music of
The Beatles warned of the coming holocaust, which he referred to as "
Helter Skelter", after the Beatles song, and also believed that only the "chosen", his "family", would survive. Briefly associated with Terry Melcher, Manson had believed that Melcher would foster his musical aspirations; when this did not occur, Manson felt infuriated and betrayed. Manson believed that he would bring about the race war by having his followers slaughter wealthy people in their homes and cast suspicion on militant groups such as the
Black Panthers. Manson expected these groups to win the race war, and predicted that they would make him their leader when they realized they were too inept to govern the new society. He had been to 10050 Cielo Drive, and although he knew that Melcher had moved, the house represented his rejection by the show business establishment. He instructed Watson, Atkins, Krenwinkel, and Kasabian to go to the house "and kill everyone there", while he remained in their camp at Spahn's Movie Ranch.
Kasabian's and Atkins' testimony provided details that had not previously been reported to the public. When the group scaled a fence surrounding the property, they were seen by
Steven Parent, who was leaving in his car. Watson approached the vehicle and ordered it to stop. Parent asked Watson not to hurt him, and promised that he would not say anything, but Watson's response was to slash Parent with a knife and shoot him four times. Watson then instructed Kasabian to remain outside and keep watch while the others entered the house. The four occupants were rounded up into the living room and tied together at gunpoint. When Watson ordered the occupants to lie on their stomachs,
Jay Sebring urged the intruders to consider Tate's pregnancy and not harm her. Watson immediately shot Sebring.
Wojciech Frykowski and
Abigail Folger escaped, running in different directions onto the front lawn, where they were each overtaken and killed. Tate remained in the house and begged for her child's life, pleading that the group abduct Tate and allow her to give birth before murdering her. Atkins testified that she had told Tate she would receive no mercy. Tate was stabbed sixteen times, and Atkins dipped a towel in Tate's blood to write "PIG" on the front door. They left Tate's house after midnight and returned to Spahn Ranch.
During the penalty phase of the trial, Atkins was again questioned about her attitude to Tate and her role in Tate's death. She said, "They didn't even look like people... I didn't relate to Sharon Tate as being anything but a store mannequin... [Tate] sounded just like an IBM machine... She kept begging and pleading and pleading and begging, and I got sick of listening to her, so I stabbed her." The defendants were found guilty and sentenced to death on March 29, 1971. Watson was tried separately after extradition from Texas. Psychiatrists testified that he appeared to be feigning insanity, and while he admitted his role in all of the killings, he refused to acknowledge his responsibility, and was widely quoted by the press when he stated that he had not noticed that Sharon Tate was pregnant. He was found guilty and sentenced to death on October 21, 1971. The
death sentences were later automatically commuted to life in prison after the
California Supreme Court's
People v. Anderson decision resulted in the invalidation of all death sentences imposed in California before 1972. As of 2010, Manson, Watson, Krenwinkel, and Van Houten remain incarcerated.
Atkins died in prison on September 24, 2009.
Legacy
For the rest of her life, she strongly campaigned against the parole of each of the Manson killers, and worked closely with other victims of violent crime. Several times, she confronted Charles Watson at parole hearings, explaining, "I feel that Sharon has to be represented in that hearing room. If they're [the killers] pleading for their lives, then I have to be there representing her." She addressed Watson directly during her
victim impact statement in 1984: "What mercy, sir, did you show my daughter when she was begging for her life? What mercy did you show my daughter when she said, 'Give me two weeks to have my baby and then you can kill me'?.... When will Sharon come up for parole? Will these seven victims and possibly more walk out of their graves if you get paroled? You cannot be trusted."In the early 1980s, Stephen Kay, who had worked for the prosecution in the trial, became alarmed that
Leslie Van Houten had gathered 900 signatures on a petition for her parole. He contacted Sharon Tate's mother, who said she was sure she could do better, and the two mounted a publicity campaign, collecting over 350,000 signatures supporting the denial of parole. Van Houten had been seen as the most likely of the killers to be paroled; following Kay's and Tate's efforts, her petition was denied. Doris Tate became a vocal advocate for victims' rights and, in discussing her daughter's murder and meeting other crime victims, assumed the role of counselor, using her profile to encourage public discussion and criticism of the corrections system.
In 1992, President
George H. W. Bush recognized Doris Tate as one of his "thousand points of light" for her volunteer work on behalf of victims' rights. By this time Tate had been diagnosed with a malignant
brain tumor and her health and strength were failing; her meeting with Bush marked her final public appearance. When she died later that year, her youngest daughter Patti continued her work. She contributed to the 1993 foundation of the
Doris Tate Crime Victims Bureau, a non-profit organization which aims to influence crime legislation throughout the United States and to give greater rights and protection to victims of violent crime. In 1995, the "Doris Tate Crime Victims Foundation" was founded as a non-profit organization to promote public awareness of the judicial system and to provide support to the victims of violent crime.
Patti Tate confronted
David Geffen and board members of
Geffen Records in 1993 over plans to include a song written by Charles Manson on the
Guns N' Roses album
"The Spaghetti Incident?". She commented to a journalist that the record company was "putting Manson up on a pedestal for young people who don't know who he is to worship like an idol."
After Patti's death from
breast cancer in 2000, her older sister Debra continued to represent the Tate family at parole hearings. Debra Tate said of the killers: "They don't show any personal responsibility. They haven't made atonement to any one of my family members." She has also unsuccessfully lobbied for Sharon Tate to be awarded a star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Colonel Paul Tate preferred not to make public comments; however, he was a constant presence during the murder trial, and in the following years attended parole hearings with his wife, and wrote letters to authorities in which he strongly opposed any suggestion of parole. He died in May 2005.
Roman Polanski gave away all of his possessions after the murders, unable to bear any reminders of the period that he called "the happiest I ever was in my life". He remained in Los Angeles until the killers were arrested and then traveled to Europe. His 1979 film
Tess was dedicated "For Sharon", as Tate had read
Thomas Hardy's
Tess of the d'Urbervilles during her final stay with Polanski in London, and had left it for him to read with the comment that it would be a good story for them to film together. He tried to explain his anguish after the murder of his wife and unborn son in his 1984
autobiography Roman by Polanski, saying "Since Sharon's death, and despite appearances to the contrary, my enjoyment of life has been incomplete. In moments of unbearable personal tragedy some people find solace in religion. In my case the opposite happened. Any religious faith I had was shattered by Sharon's murder. It reinforced my faith in the absurd."
In July 2005, Polanski successfully sued
Vanity Fair magazine for
libel after it stated that he had tried to seduce a woman on his way to Tate's funeral. Among the witnesses who testified on his behalf were Debra Tate and Mia Farrow. Describing Polanski immediately after Tate's death, Farrow testified, "Of this I can be sure — of his frame of mind when we were there, of what we talked about, of his utter sense of loss, of despair and bewilderment and shock and love — a love that he had lost." At the conclusion of the case, Polanski read a statement, saying in part, "The memory of my late wife Sharon Tate was at the forefront of my mind in bringing this action."
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| The murders committed by the Manson "Family" have been described by social commentators as one of the defining moments of the 1960s. Joan Didion wrote, "Many people I know in Los Angeles believe that the Sixties ended abruptly on August 9, 1969, ended at the exact moment when word of the murders on Cielo Drive traveled like brushfire through the community, and in a sense this is true. The tension broke that day. The paranoia was fulfilled." |
Sharon Tate's work as an actress has been reassessed after her death, with contemporary film writers and critics such as
Leonard Maltin describing her potential as a comedienne. A restored version of
The Fearless Vampire Killers more closely resembles Polanski's intention. Maltin lauded the film as "near-brilliant" and Tate's work in
Don't Make Waves and
The Wrecking Crew as her two best performances, as well as the best indicators of the career she might have established.
Eye of the Devil with its supernatural themes, and
Valley of the Dolls, with its overstated melodrama, have each achieved a degree of
cult status.
Tate's
biographer, Greg King, holds a view often expressed by members of the Tate family, writing in
Sharon Tate and the Manson Murders (2000): "Sharon's real legacy lies not in her movies or in her television work. The very fact that, today, victims or their families in California are able to sit before those convicted of a crime and have a voice in the sentencing at trials or at parole hearings, is largely due to the work of Doris [and Patti] Tate. Their years of devotion to Sharon's memory and dedication to victims' rights... have helped transform Sharon from mere victim, [and] restore a human face to one of the twentieth century's most infamous crimes."
Trivia
Had enormous brown eyes and a dazzling smile. At the time of her death, she was known as one of the most beautiful women in Hollywood.
Buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver City, California.
Drove a 1967 red Ferrari with tags # VMP659.
In high school, she was a cheerleader, baton twirler, star basketball player, and played Juliet in the school production of "Romeo and Juliet." She was also voted Homecoming Queen and Senior Prom Queen.
The house at 10050 Cielo Drive, rented by Tate and
Roman Polanski at the time of the murders, was demolished in 1994. An Italian-style mansion has been erected in its place and the street address has been changed. The new mansion was originally priced at $12.5 million in an attempt to cash in on the locations notoriety but no sale was made. Recently, the price was reduced to $7.7 million but the house still remains vacant.
Sharon Tate's unborn baby boy (who died with her) was to be named Paul Richard Polanski.
Was crowned Sophomore Princess at Columbia High School in 1958.
Lived in Richland, Washington from the summer of 1954 to the fall of 1959 and attended Spalding Elementary School from 1954-55, Chief Joseph Junior High School (now Chief Joseph Middle School) from 1955-58, and Columbia High School (now Richland High School) from 1958-1959.
Measurements: 36-22-35 (Source: Celebrity Sleuth magazine)
Was very close to her younger sisters
Debra Tate, born November 6, 1952, and Patricia Tate, born October 30, 1957, and died June 3, 2000.
Her favorite lip makeup was vaseline. She kept little jars of it in her car.
Spent her junior year of high school in three different schools: Columbia High School in Richland, Washington, from September to late fall 1959; Irvin High School in El Paso, Texas, from late fall 1959 to April 1960; and Vicenza American High School in Vicenza, Italy, from April to June 1960. She graduated from Vicenza American High School in 1961.
She was engaged to celebrity hairstylist
Jay Sebring from 1966-67. She broke off the engagement to marry
Roman Polanski, but they remained good friends. Sebring was a house guest on the night that four of
Charles Manson's minions broke into the house, and murdered Sharon, Jay, Abigail "Gibby" Folger, Voytek Frykowski, and Steven Parent.
Susan Atkins used a towel to write 'Pig' on the front door in Sharon's blood before throwing it on Jay's head and fleeing the house with her accomplices.
In 1959 she was the winner of 5 different beauty pageants: Miss Frontier Days, Miss Richland, Miss Tri-Cities, Miss Water Follies, and Miss Auto-Rama.
When the house was demolished in 1994,
Trent Reznor having used the house to record his 8th Halo album 'The Downward Spiral (1994)' alledgedly took the 'Pig' door and used it for his studio in Louisiana.
Last book she read was
Thomas Hardy's "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" which she convinced Roman Polanski would make a great film one day. Polanski's film
Tess (1979) is dedicated simply "For Sharon".
Was originally cast in the role of "Billie Jo" on
"Petticoat Junction" (1963), but she walked away from the show on advice from her manager (
Martin Ransohoff). He didn't feel it was a good launching pad for her career.
The Barbie Doll "Malibu Barbie" was created based on Sharon Tate's character in
Don't Make Waves (1967).
Was originally cast in the role of Christian Rudd in
The Cincinnati Kid (1965) by producer
Martin Ransohoff, who had her under contract. She was replaced with
Tuesday Weld by the film's director,
Norman Jewison, after
Sam Peckinpah was fired several days into filming by Ransohoff. Ransohoff was dismayed by Peckinpah's desire to shoot the film in black and white and to feature Tate in a nude scene.
Her friend
Christopher Jones was emotionally devastated by her August 9th, 1969 murder by the acolytes of
Charles Manson. Jones suffered what he described as a "nervous breakdown" and abandoned his acting career.
On "E!'s Most Shocking Hollywood Murders", her murder was ranked #1.
Spoke fluent Italian.
Her favorite color for clothing was ecru.
She was sensitive to strong perfumes and toilet water but did enjoy using a scent enhanced body soap called Milk & Pearls.
Personal Quotes
My whole life has been decided by fate. I've never planned anything that's happened to me.
Sexiness is all in the eye of the beholder. I think it should be. Absolutely. My sex appeal, whatever it might be, isn't obvious . . . at least to me.
My definition of love is being full. Complete. It makes everything lighter. Beauty is something you see. Love is something you feel.
Everything that's realistic has some sort of ugliness in it. Even a flower is ugly when it wilts, a bird when it seeks its prey, the ocean when it becomes violent.
I'm very unpredictable. Very, very impulsive. Extremely. Absolutely! Sometimes I don't know what I want to do from one day to the next. I can't enjoy anything premeditated; I just do it as I feel it. But whatever I do is motivated by honesty.
I'm one of those mad, irrational characters who simply loves men. I love them because they're men. Women, ...I don't like to compete against them or play games. It's a waste of time.
[On her husband,
Roman Polanski]: Roman is such a beautiful, mad human being. Sometimes things are difficult, sometimes good. But it makes life twice as interesting.
Mykie's Note:
It's such a sad state of the world when such a beautiful, promising person is taken away so violently and way before her star was aloud to shine. The Tate Murders are a dark stain on the history of this state and the 1960's, and so unfortunate that Sharon Tate and Charles Manson names will forever be entwined. On Screen Sharon didn't have that many opportunities to show her talents other then her amazing breast and barbie doll beach, but the films that are left behind show you that with time and hard work she would have been great, some of her films today have reached cult status and are collectors items. I myself love DON"T MAKE WAVES, she plays Malibu and sky diving sex bomb. I remember watching it on a Sunday after noon back on Chanel 5, they would show old movies in the afternoon and I would sit there just staring at her sexy blond hair and gold jump suit. She was the perfect California Beach babe. You just need to look at her and see why she is a beauty icon, amazingly stylish and glamorous. Check out my fav films from Sharon Tate
1969- The Thriteen Chairs (12+1)
1968- The Wrecking Crew
1967- Don't Make Waves
Valley Of The Dolls
The Fearless Vampire Killers
1966- Eye of The Devil
Sharon Tate screen tests by NilbogLAND
